Daniel robertson gardner



(No Model.)

D. R. GARDNER.

GAS LAMP.

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

DANIEL ROBERTSON GARDNER, OF GLASGOV, SCOTLAND.

GAS-LAM P.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 450,931, dated April 21, 1891.

Application filed May 1, 1890. Serial No. 842,184. (No modeL) Patented in England December 1'7, 1889 No. 20,248.

To all whom, it may concern:

Be it known that I, DANIEL Ronnnrson GARDNER, cabinet-maker, of 30 JamaicaStreet, Glasgow, in the county of Lanai-k, North Britain, have invented Improvements in or Connected with GasLamps, (for which I have obtained firitish Letters Patent No. 20,248, dated December 17, 1880,) of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to improvements in the burning of gas within the ordinary gas globes as used for household and other purposes, and has for its object to increase the illuminating power of gas without any corresponding increase of gas supply or pressure, thereby effecting economy of gas, and at the same time,in accordance with my said invention no unconsumed gas escapes, as all the gas passing through the burner is caused to be utilized in the production of light. Hence the atmosphere is kept healthy and pure, and ceilings, decorations, and other surfaces remain uninjured and clean.

It is well known that the proper burning of illuminating-gas depends upon certain physical and chemical conditions, the due observation of which is of great importance to the development of a maximum amount of light. Chief of these is'the prevention of the escape of any particles of carbon unconsnmed. It is also well known that highly-heated air produces complete combustion and gives an increased luminosity to the carbon contained in the gas, and that it is necessary to retard the flow of gas at the burner. Now, I have ascertained from experiments that if the outlet at the top of the globe is materially diminished in a certain manner and certain requirements attended to a quiet condition of the atmosphere around the flame is attained, and consequently a retardation of the flow of gas at the burner, while the temperature of the surrounding air is raised sufficiently for the entire combustion of the light carbureted hydrogen that passes off unconsumed from an ordinary gas-flame.

In the drawings, Figure 1 is an elevation, partly in section, of a gas-globe A, mounted upon a gallery B, having a burner C. I Fig. 2 is a plan of the same.

The said globe, gallery, and burner may be of the ordinary description and construction;

but my invention is more particularly applicable to globes having a contracted opening at the bottom, such as is shown in the drawings. Upon the top of the globe I place a cover D, (shown in section, Fig.l,) preferably of asbestus, the said cover having a ventilator cl centrally through it with an adj ustable damper d.

E are disks provided upon the under side of the cover for the purpose of fixing the cover upon the globe, the said disksbeing preferably mounted eccentrically upon pins 6, in order to adjust their position to any slightly varying diameters of globe-tops.

F are strips, preferably of mica, which I prefer to employ between the globe and the cover, in order to equalize the heat between the two materialsthat is to say, the asbestus and the glass of the globe. I have found from experiments that this arrangement entirely prevents any liability of the globe to crack.

To use the cover, place it upon the top of the globe, turning the disks, if necessary, in order to fix the cover, and have the ventilator full open. To adjust the ventilator, gradually close the damper until the large st possible flame is obtained without smoke. \Vhen the damper is set, no further adjustment is required.

In accordance with the amount of the eX- tent of the closing of the ventilator (Z by the damper d, so is the current of air through the globe retarded, and the heat of the atmosphere around the flame intensified, and this has the effect of correspondingly steadying and increasing the size of the flame and its illuminating power. In addition to this advantage, which is obtained without any corresponding increase of gas or pressure, thereby effecting economy of gas, there is at the same time no escape of unconsumed gas, as in ordinary open globes, as all the gas passing through the burner is caused to be utilized in the production of light. Hence the outer atmosphere is kept healthy and pure. It will also be found by the employment of my said invention that the use of the cover, as hereinbefore described, acts as a powerful reflector, thereby bringing a large amount of light into use which hitherto with open gas globes has been practically lost.

When the cover is desired more for the purpose of reflection than for increased light, the damper 01 need not be used over the ventilator d.

As a further advantage of my said invention, I have found that the cover keeps the flame steady, thereby reducing the liability that has been found hitherto of globes cracking, especially when using a large flame.

I may modify the precise construction of the cover, as shown in the drawings. For example, in lieu of one central ventilator d, I may have two or more ventilators, or the cover may be perforated, and in lieu of the damper d I may employ a damper to suit the particular form in which the cover is ventilated.

As a further modification of my said invention, in lieu of the cover resting fiat upon the top of the globe, it may so'rest upon the globe that a ventilation is allowed between the cover and the globe in lieu of or in addition to a central ventilator through the cover, and under this arrangement the cover may be fitted either just within or just outside of the globe.

I claim 1. As an improved article of manufacture, a cover for gas-light globes, consisting of a cover of suitable shape having an opening (cover of suitable shape having an opening for ventilation, a damper for said opening,

and adjustable eccentrically-mounted disks provided upon the under side of said cover to secure it to the globe, substantially as set forth.

3. As an improved article of manufacture, a cover for gas-light globes, consisting of a cover of suitable shape having a central opening for ventilation, a damper for said opening,adjustab1e eccentrically-mounted disksE, and non-conducting strips (as mica) arranged around the underside of said cover, substantially as and for the purposes hereinbefore set forth.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

' DANIEL ROBERTSON GARDNER.

Witnesses:

JAMES YATE JOHNSON, DUNDAS PORTEOUS MOKINLAY,

Both of 115 St. Vincent Street, Glasgow. 

